{"id":6637,"date":"2026-10-04T08:31:03","date_gmt":"2026-10-04T05:01:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/?p=6637"},"modified":"2026-10-04T20:12:15","modified_gmt":"2026-10-04T16:42:15","slug":"%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d8%b9%d8%b5%d8%b1-%d8%af%d8%a7%da%af%d8%b1%d8%a6%d9%88%d8%aa%db%8c%d9%be-%d8%aa%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d8%af%db%8c%d8%ac%db%8c%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%84-%da%af%d8%a7%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d8%b9%d8%b5%d8%b1-%d8%af%d8%a7%da%af%d8%b1%d8%a6%d9%88%d8%aa%db%8c%d9%be-%d8%aa%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%82%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d8%af%db%8c%d8%ac%db%8c%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%84-%da%af%d8%a7%d9%84\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06af\u0631\u0626\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u067e \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644: \u06af\u0627\u0644\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u06f5\u06f0 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u06af\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u062f\u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0647\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0639\u06a9\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0634\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u062a\u0627\u0642 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u060c \u06af\u0627\u0644\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0646 (Smithsonian\u2019s National Portrait Gallery) \u0631\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0634\u0646 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u06cc \u0639\u06a9\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u061b \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u06af\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062b\u0628\u062a\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u067e\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627 (Pesala Bandara)\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06a9\u0648\u0647\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u00ab\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0639\u06a9\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647: \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u062f\u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u00bb (Photographic Memory: Fifty Years of Collecting) \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06f2\u06f3 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u06f1\u06f4\u06f0\u06f5 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc (\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u06f1\u06f4 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc) \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u06af\u0634\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0628\u0631 \u06f1\u06f2\u06f0 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u06a9\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0647\u0646\u0631 \u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u06a9\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f\u061b \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u062e\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u06a9\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u06af\u0631\u0626\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u067e (Daguerreian era) \u062a\u0627 \u0633\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u062c\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0644 (Digital age) \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u062f\u06af\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\u06af\u0627\u0644\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u06a9\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f7\u06f6 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f3\u06f5\u06f5 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc) \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0633\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u0634 \u0639\u06a9\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0686\u0647\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631\u06af\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u062a \u0646\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062f (Ann Shumard)\u060c \u06a9\u06cc\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0639\u06a9\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u06a9\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc\u06a9 (Chronological order) \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f4\u06f3 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f2\u06f2\u06f2 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc) \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062e\u0637 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u06af\u0631\u0641 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u06a9\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0642\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u06af\u0631\u0626\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u067e \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 (Quarter-plate daguerreotype) \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f4\u06f6 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f2\u06f2\u06f5 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc) \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0633\u0646 (Dolley Madison) \u062b\u0628\u062a\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0631 (John Plumbe Jr.) \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u062e\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u06af\u0627\u0644\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0647 \u06f1\u06f4\u06f0\u06f3 (\u0698\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0647 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f4) \u0631\u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b \u0627\u062b\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06af\u0631\u0626\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u067e \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f4\u06f3 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0631\u0632\u06cc\u062f\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0646\u0633\u06cc \u0622\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0632 (John Quincy Adams) \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u062e\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u060c \u06a9\u0647\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u06a9\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062b\u0628\u062a\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0626\u06cc\u0633\u200c\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627 \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u060c \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0644\u0646 (Abraham Lincoln) \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646 (Albumen silver print) \u062b\u0628\u062a\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f6\u06f5 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f2\u06f4\u06f4 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc) \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0631 (Alexander Gardner)\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0631\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0641\u0631\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0627\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646 (Julia Margaret Cameron) \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0647\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0632\u0648\u0631\u062b \u0644\u0627\u0646\u06af\u200c\u0641\u0644\u0648 (Henry Wadsworth Longfellow)\u060c \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0628 (Cabinet-card photographs) \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0647\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0686\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06cc. \u0648\u0644\u0632-\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a (Ida B. Wells-Barnett) \u0648 \u06a9\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0646-\u0647\u0648\u0627 (Ko K\u2019un-hua) \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0634\u06a9\u0648\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0686\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f \u063a\u0648\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0631 \u0639\u06a9\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc (Mathew Brady)\u060c \u0622\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u0632 (Alfred Stieglitz)\u060c \u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06a9\u0646 (Edward Steichen)\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062a\u06cc \u0644\u0646\u06af (Dorothea Lange)\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0644 \u0622\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0632 (Ansel Adams)\u060c \u06af\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0633 (Gordon Parks)\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u067e\u0646 (Irving Penn)\u060c \u0631\u06cc\u0686\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 (Richard Avedon)\u060c \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0631\u0628\u0633 (Diane Arbus) \u0648 \u0622\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u0632 (Annie Leibovitz) \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06f1\u06f6 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u06f1\u06f4\u06f0\u06f6 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc (\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u06f7 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f7 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc) \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0641\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u06cc\u0644 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0648 \u06a9\u067e\u0634\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u06cc \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u062f:<\/h4>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6638\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2025_5-Reeve_ext-1536x1233-1-300x241.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"373\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2025_5-Reeve_ext-1536x1233-1-300x241.webp 300w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2025_5-Reeve_ext-1536x1233-1-747x600.webp 747w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2025_5-Reeve_ext-1536x1233-1-87x70.webp 87w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2025_5-Reeve_ext-1536x1233-1-768x617.webp 768w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2025_5-Reeve_ext-1536x1233-1.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 373px) 100vw, 373px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0631\u06cc\u0648 (Christopher Reeve):<\/strong> \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0631\u062e \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0648\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062b\u0628\u062a\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0698\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0647\u0631\u0628 \u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0648\u0631 (Herb Ritts Jr.) \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f9\u06f6 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f3\u06f7\u06f5 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc) | \u06af\u0627\u0644\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0631\u0628 \u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0633 (Herb Ritts Foundation).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6640\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_81_M1_int-685x800-1-214x250.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"314\" height=\"367\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_81_M1_int-685x800-1-214x250.webp 214w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_81_M1_int-685x800-1-514x600.webp 514w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_81_M1_int-685x800-1-60x70.webp 60w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_81_M1_int-685x800-1.webp 685w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 314px) 100vw, 314px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u0622\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0644\u0646 (Abraham Lincoln):<\/strong> \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0628 \u0648 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635 \u0634\u06cc\u0634\u0647\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0631 (Alexander Gardner) \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f6\u06f5 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f2\u06f4\u06f4 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc) | \u06af\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u06a9 \u0647\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u0648 (Frederick Hill Meserve Collection).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6650\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Miller.PM079.NPG_2000_62-624x800-1-195x250.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"247\" height=\"317\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Miller.PM079.NPG_2000_62-624x800-1-195x250.webp 195w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Miller.PM079.NPG_2000_62-624x800-1-468x600.webp 468w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Miller.PM079.NPG_2000_62-624x800-1-55x70.webp 55w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Miller.PM079.NPG_2000_62-624x800-1.webp 624w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 247px) 100vw, 247px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0631 (Lee Miller):<\/strong> \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0647 \u0648 \u0633\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0698\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u062b\u0628\u062a\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u06cc (Man Ray) \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f3\u06f0 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f3\u06f0\u06f9 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc) | \u062d\u0642 \u06a9\u067e\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646 (ARS) \u0648 ADAGP \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0633.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6651\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_98_81_X_int-800x550-1-300x206.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"377\" height=\"259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_98_81_X_int-800x550-1-300x206.webp 300w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_98_81_X_int-800x550-1-100x70.webp 100w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_98_81_X_int-800x550-1-768x528.webp 768w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_98_81_X_int-800x550-1-295x202.webp 295w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_98_81_X_int-800x550-1.webp 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 377px) 100vw, 377px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9\u0633 (Malcolm X):<\/strong> \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0631\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0634\u0627\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0698\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u06af\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06a9\u0633 (Gordon Parks) \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f6\u06f3 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f3\u06f4\u06f2 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6652\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2018.90-Oatman-695x800-1-217x250.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"296\" height=\"341\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2018.90-Oatman-695x800-1-217x250.webp 217w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2018.90-Oatman-695x800-1-521x600.webp 521w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2018.90-Oatman-695x800-1-61x70.webp 61w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2018.90-Oatman-695x800-1.webp 695w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 296px) 100vw, 296px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0648 \u0627\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0646 (Olive Oatman):<\/strong> \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u0622\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u067e \u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0634\u0634\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 (Sixth-plate ambrotype) \u062b\u0628\u062a\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f1\u06f8\u06f5\u06f6 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f2\u06f3\u06f5 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6653\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_85_78_det_inex-621x800-1-194x250.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"302\" height=\"389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_85_78_det_inex-621x800-1-194x250.webp 194w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_85_78_det_inex-621x800-1-466x600.webp 466w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_85_78_det_inex-621x800-1-54x70.webp 54w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_85_78_det_inex-621x800-1.webp 621w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 302px) 100vw, 302px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u00ab\u062c\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u00bb \u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u06af\u0631\u062a\u06cc:<\/strong> \u062f\u0627\u06af\u0631\u0626\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u067e \u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u06a9\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f1\u06f8\u06f5\u06f1 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f2\u06f3\u06f0 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6654\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_74_75-618x800-1-193x250.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"247\" height=\"320\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_74_75-618x800-1-193x250.webp 193w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_74_75-618x800-1-464x600.webp 464w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_74_75-618x800-1-54x70.webp 54w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_74_75-618x800-1.webp 618w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 247px) 100vw, 247px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0631\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u06af\u0644\u0627\u0633 (Frederick Douglass):<\/strong> \u0622\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u067e \u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0636\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0632\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f1\u06f8\u06f5\u06f6 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f2\u06f3\u06f5 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc)\u060c \u062a\u0647\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6655\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2015_6_inex-785x800-1-245x250.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"316\" height=\"322\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2015_6_inex-785x800-1-245x250.webp 245w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2015_6_inex-785x800-1-589x600.webp 589w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2015_6_inex-785x800-1-69x70.webp 69w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2015_6_inex-785x800-1-768x783.webp 768w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2015_6_inex-785x800-1.webp 785w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 316px) 100vw, 316px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0633\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc (Spike Lee):<\/strong> \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u0645\u200c\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u0644\u06a9\u0633 (Bolex movie camera)\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0634\u0627\u0646 (Inkjet print) \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0646 (Jesse Frohman) \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f9\u06f9 (\u0686\u0627\u067e \u06f2\u06f0\u06f1\u06f4 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6656\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2006_75-658x800-1-206x250.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"325\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2006_75-658x800-1-206x250.webp 206w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2006_75-658x800-1-494x600.webp 494w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2006_75-658x800-1-58x70.webp 58w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2006_75-658x800-1.webp 658w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 325px) 100vw, 325px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0628\u06a9 (John Steinbeck):<\/strong> \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0698\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u00ab\u062e\u0648\u0634\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0634\u0645\u00bb\u060c \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u06a9\u0648\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u06a9 (Sonya Noskowiak) \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f3\u06f5 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f3\u06f1\u06f4 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6657\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2006_10-Zitkala-Sa-675x800-1-211x250.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"266\" height=\"315\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2006_10-Zitkala-Sa-675x800-1-211x250.webp 211w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2006_10-Zitkala-Sa-675x800-1-506x600.webp 506w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2006_10-Zitkala-Sa-675x800-1-59x70.webp 59w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2006_10-Zitkala-Sa-675x800-1.webp 675w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 266px) 100vw, 266px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u0632\u06cc\u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0627-\u0634\u0627 (Zitk\u00e1la-\u0160\u00e1):<\/strong> \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e \u067e\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0646 (Glycerine-developed platinum print) \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u0641 \u062a\u06cc. \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u06cc (Joseph T. Keiley) \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f9\u06f8 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f2\u06f7\u06f7 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6658\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2012_77_89_Roosevelt_int-655x800-1-205x250.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"264\" height=\"322\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2012_77_89_Roosevelt_int-655x800-1-205x250.webp 205w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2012_77_89_Roosevelt_int-655x800-1-491x600.webp 491w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2012_77_89_Roosevelt_int-655x800-1-57x70.webp 57w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2012_77_89_Roosevelt_int-655x800-1.webp 655w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 264px) 100vw, 264px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0644\u062a (Eleanor Roosevelt):<\/strong> \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0698\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0647\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0634 (Yousuf Karsh) \u062b\u0628\u062a\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f4\u06f4 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f3\u06f2\u06f3 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6659\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_96_78_inex-549x800-1-172x250.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"286\" height=\"416\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_96_78_inex-549x800-1-172x250.webp 172w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_96_78_inex-549x800-1-412x600.webp 412w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_96_78_inex-549x800-1-48x70.webp 48w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_96_78_inex-549x800-1.webp 549w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 286px) 100vw, 286px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u0648 \u0648 \u062f\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0631\u0632:<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u067e\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0644 (Old Capitol Prison)\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f6\u06f2 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f2\u06f4\u06f1 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6660\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_93_363-800x800-1-250x250.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"366\" height=\"366\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_93_363-800x800-1-250x250.webp 250w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_93_363-800x800-1-600x600.webp 600w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_93_363-800x800-1-70x70.webp 70w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_93_363-800x800-1-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_93_363-800x800-1.webp 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 366px) 100vw, 366px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u0622\u0644\u062a\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0628\u0633\u0648\u0646 (Althea Gibson):<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u06cc\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0698\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0698\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0631 (Genevieve Naylor) \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f5\u06f7 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f3\u06f3\u06f6 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6661\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_98_43-636x800-1-199x250.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"282\" height=\"354\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_98_43-636x800-1-199x250.webp 199w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_98_43-636x800-1-477x600.webp 477w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_98_43-636x800-1-56x70.webp 56w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_98_43-636x800-1.webp 636w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 282px) 100vw, 282px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0648\u0631\u0646 (Lena Horne):<\/strong> \u067e\u0631\u0634 \u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646 \u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0698\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u06cc \u0641\u0644\u06cc\u067e \u0647\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0646 (Philippe Halsman) \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f9\u06f5\u06f4 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f3\u06f3\u06f3 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6662\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_77_155_inex-535x800-1-167x250.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"293\" height=\"439\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_77_155_inex-535x800-1-167x250.webp 167w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_77_155_inex-535x800-1-401x600.webp 401w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_77_155_inex-535x800-1-47x70.webp 47w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_77_155_inex-535x800-1.webp 535w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 293px) 100vw, 293px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0648\u062f\u06cc (\u201cBuffalo Bill\u201d Cody):<\/strong> \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u062a \u0686\u0631\u0645\u06cc \u0631\u06cc\u0634\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0646\u06af\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0622\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0627 (Jos\u00e9 Maria Mora) \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f1\u06f8\u06f7\u06f5 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f2\u06f5\u06f4 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-6663\" src=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2005_117__ext-629x800-1-197x250.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"246\" height=\"312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2005_117__ext-629x800-1-197x250.webp 197w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2005_117__ext-629x800-1-472x600.webp 472w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2005_117__ext-629x800-1-55x70.webp 55w, https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/NPG_2005_117__ext-629x800-1.webp 629w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 246px) 100vw, 246px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"rtl\" lang=\"fa\">\n<li><strong>\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0648\u062f \/ \u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u062e (Red Cloud):<\/strong> \u0631\u0647\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0633\u0631\u062e\u200c\u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u060c \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0646\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u0622\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0644 (Charles Milton Bell) \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f1\u06f8\u06f8\u06f0 \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u062f\u06cc (\u06f1\u06f2\u06f5\u06f9 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u06cc).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/petapixel.com\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639: https:\/\/petapixel.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645: \u0646\u0627\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u06cc<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u062a\u0627\u0642 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u060c \u06af\u0627\u0644\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0644\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u0646 (Smithsonian\u2019s National Portrait Gallery) \u0631\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0634\u0646 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u06cc \u0639\u06a9\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u061b \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634\u0645\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u06af\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062b\u0628\u062a\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6638,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,59,55,54],"tags":[1144,1145],"class_list":["post-6637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","category-59","category-55","category-54","tag-1144","tag-1145"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6637","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6637"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6637\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6664,"href":"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6637\/revisions\/6664"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6638"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6637"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6637"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otagheroshanpress.ir\/portal\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6637"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}